Lei feranil biography samples
•
Showcasing the Variety of Biosocial and Evolutionary Approaches in Sociology: Introduction to the Special Issue
The history of biological and evolutionary approaches is complicated and fraught with moral undertones, misunderstandings, and mutually perceived irrelevance. In this section, we will just briefly summarize the key developments in evolutionary theory since Darwin, outline sociology’s stance toward evolutionary theory over time, and provide the key reasons for sociology’s neglect of bio/evo thinking and how these have been addressed since. Much has been written on all of these aspects on a broad programmatic level; therefore, we will keep this part brief. For a more extensive treatment, we refer readers to other relevant works on the history of evolutionary thought and its application in sociology and the behavioral sciences (e.g., Degler 1991; Laland and Brown 2011; Lopreato and Crippen 1999; Mayr 1982; Segerstråle 2000).
2.1 The Darwinian Revolution(s)
Contemporary understandings of evolution are predominantly associated with Charles Darwin. However, it is important to recognize that evolutionary theories predated Darwin. In fact, evolutionary thinking had become more and more accepted during the eighteenth century and up to the middle of the nineteenth century,
•
2024 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel in Person Nature 627, 347-357 (2024)
Suzuki, K. ; Hatzikotoulas, K. ; Southam, L. ; Taylor, H.J. ; Yin, X. ; Lorenz, K.M. ; Mandla, R. ; Huerta-Chagoya, A. ; Melloni, G.E.M. ; Kanoni, S. ; Rayner, N.W. ; Bocher, O. ; Arruda, A.L. ; Sonehara, K. ; Namba, S. ; Lee, S.S.K. ; Preuss, M.H. ; Petty, L.E. ; Schroeder, P. ; Vanderwerff, B.R. ; Kals, M. ; Bragg, F. ; Lin, K. ; Guo, X. ; Zhang, W. ; Yao, J. ; Kim, Y.J. ; Graff, M. ; Takeuchi, F. ; Nano, J. ; Lamri, A. ; Nakatochi, M. ; Moon, S. ; Scott, R.A. ; Cook, J.P. ; Lee, J.J. ; Pan, I. ; Taliun, D. ; Parra, E.J. ; Chai, J.F. ; Bielak, L.F. ; Tabara, Y. ; Hai, Y. ; Thorleifsson, G. ; Grarup, N. ; Sofer, T. ; Wuttke, M. ; Sarnowski, C. ; Gieger, C. ; Nousome, D. ; Trompet, S. ; Kwak, S.H.&nb
•
Abstract
Recent discoveries have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the rapidly evolving knowledge about liver miRNAs (including miR-33, -33*, miR-223, -30c, -144, -148a, -24, -29, and -122) and their link to hepatic lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, and type-2 diabetes. With regards to its biomarker potential, the main focus is on miR-122 as the most abundant liver miRNA with exquisite tissue specificity. MiR-122 has been proposed to play a central role in the maintenance of lipid and glucose homeostasis and is consistently detectable in serum and plasma. This miRNA may therefore constitute a novel biomarker for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Keywords: MicroRNAs, Biomarkers, Lipid metabolism, Cardiovascular disease
Introduction
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small ∼22 nucleotides long non-coding regulatory molecules.1 They are generated from primary transcripts (pri-miR), which are processed by endonuclease complexes into miRNA precursors (pre-miR) and further into a duplex of two miRNA strands (5p and 3p strand).2 In most cases, only one of the two strands (termed the guide or mature strand) is sta